Case Law Database

Trafficking in persons

Offences

• Trafficking in children (under 18 years)

Acts Involved

• Recruitment/Hiring
• Receipt

Exploitative Purposes

• Exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation
• Slavery or practices similar to slavery

Keywords

• Commercial sexual exploitation
• Exploitation
• Child Trafficking

FSM v. Shiro (Crim. Case No. 2016-1503)

Fact Summary

Sometime in September 2015, on Patta Island, Chuuk State, defendant Sino followed the victim who was on her way to buy diapers for her aunt. Sino urged the victim to let his own daughter buy the diapers and lured the victim to go with him to his house to have sex with him in exchange for marijuana. A few days after, Sino sent his daughter to call the victim who was at her house and told her that her father wanted to see the minor. When the victim went to see Sino at his house, he urged her to have sex with him in exchange for $2.00 which he paid her after having sex with her. This was repeated a few days later. 

On separate occasions in 2015, defendants Angken, Loves and Shiro lured the same victim to have sex with them in exchange for payment. The 4 defendants worked together as leaders of a church parish. 

Commentary and Significant Features

FSM v. Shiro, 21 FSM R. 195 (Chk. 2017) Order Denying Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss and Setting Plea Hearing, 

Decided March 29, 2017 

FSM v. Shiro, 21 FSM R. 331 (Chk. 2017) Denial of All Defendants' Motions to Dismiss 

Decided August 2, 2017 

Sentence Date:
2018-08-11
Author:
Angeli Patricia Romero, as part of collaboration with Queen Mary University London

Cross-Cutting Issues

Liability

... for

• completed offence

... based on

• criminal intention

... as involves

• principal offender(s)

Procedural Information

Legal System:
Mixed System
Latest Court Ruling:
Supreme Court
Type of Proceeding:
Criminal
 
Proceeding #1:
  • Stage:
    first trial
  • Official Case Reference:
    Crim Case No. 2016-1503
  • Court

    Court Title

    FSM Supreme Court Trial Division
     

    Location

  • City/Town:
    Weno, Chuuk
  • • Criminal

    Description

    On February 17, 2016 the (FSM) Government filed a Criminal Information charging defendant Sino with 3 counts of trafficking in children, defendant Angken with 1 count of trafficking in children, defendant Loves with 1 count of trafficking in children, defendant Shiro with 1 count of trafficking in children, and all 4 defendants with 1 count of conspiracy to commit trafficking in children. 

    Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss which was denied by the Court on March 29, 2017.  Defendants thereafter filed a Motion to Dismiss on Lack of Subject Matter Jurisdiction. The Court denied the Motion to Dismiss on August 2, 2017. 

    The trial began on June 6, 2018 for all four of the defendants. During trial, the testimony of one witness (the Child Victim) for the Government and the entry into evidence of one exhibit for the defendant Sino (Child Victim's Birth Certificate) were submitted. No witness testimony was taken for the four defendants.  

    ​After the close of the Government's case, the defendants moved for judgments of acquittal upon the respective counts being charged against each of them. The Court granted the motions except for one count of Trafficking in Children per defendant.

     

    Outcome

  • Verdict:
    Guilty
  • Proceeding #2:
  • Stage:
    Other
  • Details:
    Motion for Special Findings and Renewed Rule 29(C) Motion for Judgment of Acquittal by Defendants Loves and Angken
  • Official Case Reference:
    21 FSM R. 627(Chk. 2018)
  • Decision Date:
    Thu Jul 05 00:00:00 CEST 2018

    Court

    Court Title

    FSM Supreme Court Trial Division 
     

    Location

  • City/Town:
    Chuuk
  • • Criminal

    Description

    n June 14, 2018, defendants Loves and Angken filed a Renewal of Motion for Judgment of Acquittal After Finding of Guilt. The Court denied the motion finding that there is evidence reasonable persons could find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. 

    The defendants’ motion also contained a Motion for Specific Findings of Fact, which the court found was untimely filed. 

     

    Outcome

  • Verdict:
    Other
  • Sentences

    Sentence

    Term of Imprisonment:
    15 years
     

    Compensation to victim

    Payment

    1000 USD

    Victims / Plaintiffs in the first instance

    Gender:
    Child
    Age:
    15

    Defendants / Respondents in the first instance

    Number of other accused:
    4
    Defendant:
    Lucky Shiro
    Gender:
    Male
    Legal Reasoning:
    The Court found evidence that defendants received the victim for the purpose of exploitation by engaging in sexual relations with the victim numerous times when she was still a child. The Court held that even though the statute does not define “recruiting, transporting, harbouring, transferring, or receiving”, the statutory words' plain meanings lead to the conclusion that they intend to include the actions taken by the defendants to secure access to the victim because the various methods by which they gained access to her were a form of recruitment and in each allegation the minor was received by the respective defendant. 
    The Court believed the testimony of the victim that she was afraid of all of the defendants and was forced by them into having sex, as they were much older men and because she knew that at least three of them were working for the church. The Court stated that the victim’s engaging in sex with defendants were sexual services that provided the defendants with a material benefit from the prostitution of the victim and that the defendants’ practice of forced/compelled sexual services from the victim was a practice similar to slavery.
    Defendant:
    Onsori Sino
    Gender:
    Male
    As above
    Defendant:
    Taisiro Loves
    Gender:
    Male
    As above
    Defendant:
    Kachura Angken
    Gender:
    Male
    As above

    Charges / Claims / Decisions

    Defendant:
    Lucky Shiro
    Legislation / Statute / Code:
    11 F.S.M.C. 612 and 616 

    Section 612. Definitions. 

     

    (1) ”Child” means any person below the age of eighteen at the time of the commission of an offense under this chapter. 

    (2) “Commercial carrier” means a legal or natural person that engages in international or interstate transportation of goods or people for commercial gain. 

    (3) “Exploitation” means: 

    (a) the obtaining of financial or other material benefit from the prostitution of another person; 

    (b) the exaction of forced labor or services, or the obtaining of labor or services through deceit, fraud, or by means of a material misrepresentation; 

    (c) slavery or practices similar to slavery. 

    (4) “Forced labor or services” means work or services, the solicitation of financial or material benefits, or the donation of body parts or organs, exacted under the threat of any penalty and for which the person concerned has not offered himself or herself voluntarily. It does not include the performance of reasonable and lawful work or services by a child at the behest of a parent or legal guardian. 

    (5) “Practices similar to slavery” include debt bondage, serfdom, and forced marriage. 

    (6) “Prostitution” means illicit sexual services performed for financial or material benefit. 

    Section 616. Offense of trafficking in children. 

    A person who knowingly recruits, transports, transfers, harbours, or receives a child by any means for the purpose of exploitation shall be guilty of child trafficking. Upon conviction, a person guilty of this offense shall be imprisoned for not more than 30 years, or fined not less than $5,000 but not more than $50,000, or both. 

    *source: Sherloc  

    Charge details:
    Trafficking in children

    Verdict:
    Guilty
    Defendant:
    Onsori Sino
    Defendant:
    Taisiro Loves
    Defendant:
    Kachura Angken

    Court

    FSM Supreme Court Trial Division

    Sources / Citations

    FSM v. Shiro, 21 FSM R. 195 (Chk. 2017) Order Denying Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss and Setting Plea Hearing [March 29, 2017] http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/decisions/vol21/21FSMR195.html 

    FSM v. Shiro, 21 FSM R. 331 (Chk. 2017) Denial of All Defendants' Motions to Dismiss [August 2, 2017]  http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/decisions/vol21/21FSMR331.html 

    FSM v. Shiro | Judgment of Conviction; General Findings; and Set Sentencing [June 11, 2018]
    - Case file provided by Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute (PacLII) sourced from the FSM Supreme Court 

    FSM v. Shiro, 21 FSM R. 627(Chk. 2018) Motion for Special Findings and Renewed Rule 29(C) Motion for Judgment ff Acquittal by Defendants Loves and Angken [July 5,  2018] http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/decisions/vol21/21FSMR627.html 

    FSM v. Shiro | Judgment of Conviction and Sentencing Order [August 9, 2018]
    - Case file provided by Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute (PacLII) sourced from the FSM Supreme Court