a) What is the difference between a "cause" and "facilitating factor" of organized crime? Discuss some of the possible causes and facilitating factors that stimulate the emergence and expansion of organized criminal groups domestically and across international borders.
b) How do the positivist and classical approaches of explaining criminal behaviour differ? In your opinion, which approach best explains the causes and facilitating factors of criminal behaviour? Explain your choice.
c) What theoretical approaches of organized crime discussed in this Module focus on improvements of social and economic conditions as a response to organized crime?
d) How can good governance play a role in reducing criminogenic asymmetries, and generally opportunities for organized crime?
e) Examine the specific situations in which crimes occur. What are the opportunities for offenders (or potential offenders) to commit crimes of specific kinds? What are the opportunities for organized crime that make offenders cross international borders?